Evaluación del índice de pobreza hídrica (WPI) en la cuenca de Borujerd-Dorood (Irán) para reforzar los planes de gestión del territorio

Mohammadreza  Goodarzi; Rabi H.  Mohtar; Mahboobeh  Kiani-Harchegani; Alireza  Faraji; Faeze  Mankavi; Jesús  Rodrigo-Comino

doi:10.3989/pirineos.2021.176002

Autores/as

Mohammadreza Goodarzi Department of Civil Engineering, Yazd University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6296-2315
Rabi H. Mohtar W-E-F Nexus Research Group, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA and Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-729X
Mahboobeh Kiani-Harchegani Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1075-1169
Alireza Faraji Department of Engineering, University of Basilicata https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7335-2328
Faeze Mankavi Department of Civil Engineering, Grand ayatollah Borujerdi University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2999-4697
Jesús Rodrigo-Comino Department of Physical Geography, University of Trier - Department of Geography, University of Valencia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4823-0871

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/pirineos.2021.176002

Palabras clave:

Índice de pobreza hídrica, problemática hídrica, cuenca del río Karoon, recursos hídricos de montaña

Resumen

El Índice de Pobreza Hídrica (WPI) se considera, en general, una herramienta simple y clara para evaluar los efectos de factores combinados sobre la escasez de agua y la tensión de los recursos hídricos. En esta investigación, intentamos centrarnos en las problemáticas hídricas en las cabeceras de montaña de la cuenca de Karoon en Irán para analizar el estado de los recursos hídricos. Para este propósito, los datos requeridos se obtuvieron en primer lugar mediante la preparación de un informe de la Autoridad del Agua, la parte Agrícola y la Organización de Agua y Saneamiento del Condado de Borujerd. Luego, se estimó el valor del WPI a escala de subcuenca del río Karoon considerando como recurso la posibilidad de acceso, capacidad socioeconómica, usos y criterios de calidad ambiental. Los resultados de esta investigación indicaron un rango de variación entre 6,6 y 18,2, obteniendo el punto más bajo por su condición ambiental actual y el punto más alto por el fácil acceso. Los valores más altos de cada criterio muestran las mejores condiciones que conducen a una menor pobreza hídrica en esa subcuenca. En general, el valor de WPI es aproximadamente 67,65, según la clasificación del centro de Ecología e Hidrología de Wallingford, esta subcuenca se ubica en un rango de pobreza hídrica de baja a moderada. Dado el carácter multidimensional del WPI y considerando todos los factores que afectan a la disponibilidad o falta de recursos hídricos, así como las implicaciones económicas y sociales para la población dedicada, principalmente a la agricultura y la ganadería, podemos concluir que este índice puede ser considerado como una herramienta útil para esta región priorizar las áreas críticas y un paso efectivo para el desarrollo y uso óptimo de sus recursos hídricos.

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